1, 5– 7, 9, 13, 15, 18, 19, 22, 25, 26, 28– 30 Satisfied patients are less likely to lodge formal complaints or initiate malpractice complaints. 1, 27Ī more patient-centered encounter results in better patient as well as doctor satisfaction. 6, 10, 16, 25, 26 Some studies have observed a decrease in length of hospital stay and therefore the cost of individual medical visits and fewer referrals.
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16, 20, 24 Enhanced psychological adjustments and better mental health have also been reported. Studies have shown correlations between a sense of control and the ability to tolerate pain, recovery from illness, decreased tumor growth, and daily functioning. 1, 6, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18– 23 Patients' agreement with the doctor about the nature of the treatment and need for follow-up is strongly associated with their recovery. 4, 7, 17 Patients reporting good communication with their doctor are more likely to be satisfied with their care, and especially to share pertinent information for accurate diagnosis of their problems, follow advice, and adhere to the prescribed treatment. Good doctor-patient communication has the potential to help regulate patients' emotions, facilitate comprehension of medical information, and allow for better identification of patients' needs, perceptions, and expectations. 4, 7, 11, 17 Effective doctor-patient communication is determined by the doctors' “bedside manner,” which patients judge as a major indicator of their doctors' general competence. 7, 8, 16 The 3 main goals of current doctor-patient communication are creating a good interpersonal relationship, facilitating exchange of information, and including patients in decision making. 6, 7, 13– 15Įffective doctor-patient communication is a central clinical function, and the resultant communication is the heart and art of medicine and a central component in the delivery of health care. Information exchange is the dominant communication model, and the health consumer movement has led to the current model of shared decision making and patient-centered communication. 11, 12 The medical model has more recently evolved from paternalism to individualism. For example, in the 1950s to 1970s, most doctors considered it inhumane and detrimental to patients to disclose bad news because of the bleak treatment prospect for cancers. 10 However, patient-centered medicine has not always been common practice. The principles of patient-centered medicine date back to the ancient Greek school of Cos. Patient surveys have consistently shown that they want better communication with their doctors. Tongue et al 9 reported that 75% of the orthopedic surgeons surveyed believed that they communicated satisfactorily with their patients, but only 21% of the patients reported satisfactory communication with their doctors. 8 Doctors tend to overestimate their abilities in communication. 2 Studies on doctor-patient communication have demonstrated patient discontent even when many doctors considered the communication adequate or even excellent. The ultimate objective of any doctor-patient communication is to improve the patient's health and medical care. 2 Appropriate communication integrates both patient- and doctor-centered approaches.
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2, 7 Interpersonal skills build on this basic communication skill. 5, 6īasic communication skills in isolation are insufficient to create and sustain a successful therapeutic doctor-patient relationship, which consists of shared perceptions and feelings regarding the nature of the problem, goals of treatment, and psychosocial support. 2– 4 These are the core clinical skills in the practice of medicine, with the ultimate goal of achieving the best outcome and patient satisfaction, which are essential for the effective delivery of health care. “Medicine is an art whose magic and creative ability have long been recognized as residing in the interpersonal aspects of patient-physician relationship.” 1Ī doctor's communication and interpersonal skills encompass the ability to gather information in order to facilitate accurate diagnosis, counsel appropriately, give therapeutic instructions, and establish caring relationships with patients.